IIT Develops Novel Nanomaterial for Efficient Recovery of Rare Earth and Uranium Resources

Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee have developed an acid-resistant magnetic nanocomposite capable of recovering uranium and rare earth elements from acidic leach solutions. The material consists of core active nanoparticles encapsulated in a protective silica layer, enabling efficient absorption and extraction of these valuable resources in complex acidic aqueous media. By synthesizing the silica shell using biocompatible reagents, the researchers not only enhanced the material's corrosion resistance but also made it safer and more environmentally friendly.

This novel nanocomposite demonstrated exceptional performance in laboratory tests, recovering up to 370 grams of uranium and rare earth elements per kilogram of material. It operates effectively not only under conditions such as natural groundwater but also remains stable in highly acidic water, where conventional materials typically lose functionality. Notably, the material exhibits environmental adaptability, simultaneously absorbing uranium and rare earth elements under neutral conditions while demonstrating selective adsorption capability for uranium under strongly acidic conditions.

The research team also innovatively incorporated biochar derived from waste sewage sludge into the nanocomposite, achieving resource utilization of waste materials. This approach, which combines waste valorization, pollutant removal, and recovery of valuable resources, gives the technology significant advantages in sustainable development and circular economy. The project lead stated that they successfully balanced the high reactivity and stability of active nanoparticles, resulting in a material that works effectively even under extreme acidic conditions.

Currently, the researchers are planning to apply this technology to actual mine wastewater and nuclear wastewater treatment through continuous flow testing. They believe this innovation holds promise for significant contributions to future water purification, strategic metal recovery, and environmental protection. The project's research and development received support from the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India, highlighting the national importance of uranium resource recovery and environmental protection.